Press "Enter" to skip to content

Affinity Diagrams

Affinity Diagrams are a decision-making technique that helps to organize and sort a large number of ideas, process variables, or concepts into groupings into naturally related groups.  Affinity is frequently used to organize the ideas, opinions, or issues generated by brainstorming.

Diagramming is a group activity that uses paper such as sticky notes to physically organize the information.  It works best in a workshop environment when participants work together to identify, group and discuss the issues.

Guidelines

  • Invite between 4 to 6 participants who are knowledgeable of the topic or issues to be diagrammed
  • Break into multiple groups if there are too many participants
  • Write one issue on each sticky note.  Use phrases or short sentences
  • Minimize discussion while sorting, holding discussion until the header cards are composed

How to Conduct an Affinity Sort

  • Begin by scheduling a conference room with large walls or windows
  • Conduct a brainstorming session on the topic under investigation
    • Clarify the list of ideas and write each one on a sticky note
  • Randomly place all the sticky notes on the wall, windows, table or flip chart
  • Sort the sticky notes into similar groups
    • Be sure each participate can see the area where the cards are being placed.  Gather around the area as needed
    • One person at a time, place one note at a time on the wall
    • Read each note aloud while placing the note on the wall
    • Create duplicate sticky notes if an idea should be placed more than one group
    • If a sticky note doesn’t belong in one group, move it to another
    • Continue until all notes have been organized into groups of related items
  • When consensus is reached, create header cards with a concise 3-5 word description and post the header card above each group
  • Discuss the groupings and try to understand how the groups relate to each other
    • Be sure each idea is understandable.  Clarify if necessary
    • Consider having the groupings reviewed by non-team personnel
  • Document the diagram using Visio or similar graphing tool